The extent of the primary tumor (T), which is classified as either intracompartmental (T1), meaning it has basically remained within the bone, or extracompartmental (T2), meaning it has grown beyond the bone into other nearby structures.Low-grade cancer cells look more like normal cells and are less likely to grow and spread quickly, while high-grade cancer cells look more abnormal. In this system, cancers are either low grade (G1) or high grade (G2). The grade (G) of the cancer, which is a measure of how likely it is to grow and spread, based on how it looks under the microscope.It is based on 3 key pieces of information: Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) staging systemĪ system commonly used to stage bone cancer is the MSTS system, also known as the Enneking system. Two main staging systems can be used to describe bone cancers. The stage of a bone cancer is based on the results of physical exams, imaging tests, and any biopsies that have been done, which are described in Tests for Bone Cancer.Ĭancer staging can be complex, so ask your doctor to explain it to you in a way you understand.Ī staging system is a standard way for the cancer care team to sum up the extent of the cancer.
Doctors also use a cancer's stage when talking about survival statistics. It helps determine how serious the cancer is and how best to treat it. The stage of a cancer describes how much cancer is in the body.
Information on Osteosarcoma, Ewing Tumors (Ewing sarcomas), and Bone Metastasis is covered separately.Īfter someone is diagnosed with bone cancer, doctors will try to figure out if it has spread, and if so, how far. The information here focuses on primary bone cancers (cancers that start in bones) that most often are seen in adults.
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